Genetics Archive
In Morgan’s study, the linked genes could not assort independently, but there were still some recombinants, which as we have seen, must have been produced by crossovers. In general, for genes close together on the same chromosome pair, recombinant frequencies …
In a dihybrid with genes on separate chromosomes,recombinants are produced by independent assortment,as shown in Figure 1. Let’s reconstruct a standard Mendelian analysis to illustrate how recombinants are produced: P A/A ; B/B x …
The production of new allele combinations is formally called recombination. Crossovers are one mechanism for recombination, and so is independent assortment. Recombination is observed in a variety of biological situations, but for the present let’s define it in relation to …
Tetrad analysis can also show two other important features of crossing-over. First, in one meiocyte several crossovers can occur along a chromosome pair. Second, in any one meiocyte these multiple crossovers can involve more than two chromatids. To think about …
The genes which reside on the same chromosome are said to be linked, and this phenomenon is called linkage. Linkage groups: All those genes which are located on the same chromosomes constitute a linkage group. For example, there are four …
Plant tissue culture is one of the most rapidly growing areas of biotechnology because of its high potential to develop improved crops and ornamental plants. With the advances made in the tissue culture technology, it is now possible to …
CALLUS CULTURE Callus is amorphous mass of loosely arranged thin walled parenchyma cells developing from proliferating cells the parent tissue. Plants are regenerated by forming a normal shoot, root and embryoids ultimately forming a plant. Importance: Plant breeding: Callus culture …
Plant tissue culture broadly refers to the in vitro cultivation of plants, seeds and various parts of the plants (organs, embryos, tissues, single cells, protoplasts). The cultivation process is invariably carried out in a nutrient culture medium under aseptic conditions. …
A special type of cell division, which reduces the number of chromosomes to half in daughter cells as compared to parent cell. It always occur in diploid cells (2n) or tetraploid cells (4n). In animals it takes place at the …