Abdul Archive
The Cyanophyceae or blue-green algae are, today, usually referred to as the cyanobacteria (bluegreen bacteria). The term cyanobacteria acknowledges that these prokaryotic algae are more closely related to the prokaryotic bacteria than to eukaryotic algae. Cyanobacteria have chlorophyll a (some …
The basic type of plastid in the algae is a chloroplast, a plastid capable of photosynthesis. Chromoplast is synonymous with chloroplast; in the older literature a chloro plast that has a color other than green is often called a chromoplast. A …
In general, algal cell walls are made up of two components: (1) the fibrillar component, which forms the skeleton of the wall, and (2) the amorphous component, which forms a matrix within which the fibrillar component is embedded. The most …
The flagella of the green alga Chlamydomonas have been used as a model of flagellar structure. Flagella structure has been highly conserved throughout evolution, images from Chlamydomonas are virtually indistinguishable from flagella (or cilia – a term for a short …
There are two basic types of cells in the algae, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bounded organelles (plastids, mitochondria, nuclei, Golgi bodies, and flagella) and occur in the cyanobacteria. The remainder of the algae are eukaryotic and have organelles. A …
Phycology or algology is the study of the algae. The word phycology is derived from the Greek word phykos, which means “seaweed.” The term algology, described in Webster’s dictionary as the study of the algae, has fallen out of favor …
It is also a mode of bacterial gene transfer, which is mediated by viruses. It is a frequent mode of horizontal gene transfer in nature. Indeed evidence suggests that the number of genes moved by marine viruses from one host cell …
It is another way, DNA can move between bacteria is through transformation, discovered by Fred Griffith in 1928. Transformation is the uptake by a cell of DNA, either a plasmid or a fragment of linear DNA, from the surroundings and …
Conjugation, the transfer of DNA by direct cell-to-cell contact, depends on the presence of a conjugative plasmid. Plasmids are small, double-stranded DNA molecules that can exist independently of host chromosomes. They have their own replication origins, replicate autonomously, and are …
About 10-16 species of Saccharomyces are currently recognized. We will focus on S. cerevisiae, which in many ways is the most important fungus yet discovered. About 25 strains of S. cerevisiae exist, and these have different physiological properties which are relevant …