There are two basic types of cells in the algae, prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bounded organelles (plastids, mitochondria, nuclei, Golgi bodies, and flagella) and occur in the …
Phycology or algology is the study of the algae. The word phycology is derived from the Greek word phykos, which means “seaweed.” The term algology, described in Webster’s dictionary …
It is also a mode of bacterial gene transfer, which is mediated by viruses. It is a frequent mode of horizontal gene transfer in nature. Indeed evidence suggests that the …
It is another way, DNA can move between bacteria is through transformation, discovered by Fred Griffith in 1928. Transformation is the uptake by a cell of DNA, either a …
Conjugation, the transfer of DNA by direct cell-to-cell contact, depends on the presence of a conjugative plasmid. Plasmids are small, double-stranded DNA molecules that can exist independently of host …
About 10-16 species of Saccharomyces are currently recognized. We will focus on S. cerevisiae, which in many ways is the most important fungus yet discovered. About 25 strains of S. …
There are several steps in the production and release of conidia, namely (1) conidiogenesis, i.e. conidial initiation; (2) maturation; (3) delimitation; (4) secession, i.e. separation from the conidiogenous cell; …
Conidia: The asexual spores or conidia of ascomycetes are remarkably diverse in form, structure and modes of dispersal, but their development or conidiogenesis occurs in a limited number of …
Sexual life cycles: Sexual life cycles in the strict sense, i.e. involving nuclear fusion and meiosis, occur only in those ascomycetes which possess asci, because it is within the …
The name Phytophthora (Gr.: ‘plant destroyer’) is apt, most species being highly destructive plant pathogens. The best known is P. infestans, cause of late blight of potatoes. This fungus …